{"id":4421,"date":"2013-01-29T22:22:42","date_gmt":"2013-01-30T03:22:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serony.com\/?page_id=4421"},"modified":"2017-11-17T12:33:06","modified_gmt":"2017-11-17T17:33:06","slug":"%ea%b3%a0%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%9d%98-%ec%9d%b8%ea%b5%ac","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/books-papers\/%ed%95%9c%eb%8b%a8%ea%b3%a0%ea%b8%b0%ec%9d%98-%ea%b0%80%ec%b9%98%ec%84%b1\/%ea%b3%a0%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%9d%98-%ec%9d%b8%ea%b5%ac\/","title":{"rendered":"\uace0\uc870\uc120\uc758 \uc778\uad6c"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

14\uc138 \ub2e8\uad70(B.C 1666)\ub54c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2000 \ub144 5 \uc6d4 30 \uc77c \uc815\uc11d\uadfc<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n

 <\/p>\n

1. \ud55c\ub2e8\uace0\uae30\uc640 \uc544\uc6c3\ube0c\ub808\uc774\ud06c<\/h3>\n

\ud55c\ub2e8\uace0\uae30\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 14\uc138 \ub2e8\uad70 \uace0\ubd88 \ub54c(B.C 1666) \uc778\uad6c\uc870\uc0ac\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uc9c0\uc694 (1). \uc9c0\uae08 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uadf8 \ub54c \ub2f9\uc2dc\ub97c \uac00\ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud55c \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc778\uad6c\uc218\uac00 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85\uc774\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \uc54c \uc218\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uc124\ub839 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uadf8 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc778\uad6c\uc218\ub294 \uc54c\uae30 \ud798\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ubb38\uba85\uc774 \uc55e\uc120\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d\ub9cc \ud574\ub3c4 \uc778\uad6c \uc13c\uc11c\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uc5c4\uccad\ub09c \ub3c8\uc744 \ub4e4\uc774\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc778\uad6c\ub294 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ucd94\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ud798\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\ubb3c\uba70 B.C. 17 \uc138\uae30\ub77c\ub294 \ud0dc\uace0 \uc801\uc5d0\ub294 \ub354\uc6b1 \uadf8\ub807\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub7fc \uc774\ub7f0 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uacfc\ud559\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc811\uadfc\ud574\uc11c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\ub824\uba74 \uc6b0\uc120 \uac80\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac00\uc124 \uc124\uc815\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

H1<\/strong>:
3600\ub144 \uc804\uc5d0 \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uba85\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4 \ub77c\ub294 \uac00\uc124\uc740 \uac80\uc815 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub300\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac80\uc815 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub2e4\ub978 \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc704 \uac00\uc124\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub9de\uc744 \uc9c0, \uc544\ub2c8\uba74 \uc544\uc608 \ud2c0\ub838\uc744 \uc9c0\ub97c \ucd94\ub860\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc9c0\uae08 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc778\uad6c\ud559, \uc0dd\ud0dc\ud559, \uc5ed\uc0ac \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uac80\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud574\ubcf4\uba74 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uadc0\ubb34\uac00\uc124 H2-0<\/strong>:
3600\ub144 \uc804\uc5d0 \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc778\uad6c\ub294 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4 (N >= 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc).<\/p>\n

\ub300\ub9bd\uac00\uc124 H2-A<\/strong>:
3600\ub144 \uc804\uc5d0 \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc778\uad6c\ub294 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4 (N < 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\ub9cc\uc57d \uc774 \uadc0\ubb34\uac00\uc124 H2-0\uac00 \ub9de\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\uc815\uc774 \ub09c\ub2e4\uba74 H1 \ub3c4 \ub9de\uc744 \ud655\ub960\uc740 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadc0\ubb34\uac00\uc124 H2-0\uac00 \ud2c0\ub9ac\uace0 H2-A\uac00 \ub9de\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uba74 H1 \uc740 \uac70\uc9d3\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud310\uba85\uc774 \ub098\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694. \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub3c4 H1\uc774 \ub9de\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc99d\uba85\ud558\uae30\ub294 \ud798\ub4e4\uc9c0\ub9cc H1 \uc774 \ud2c0\ub9ac\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc18\uc99d\ud558\uae30\ub294 \uc26c\uc6b4 \uc77c\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ubc18\uc99d\ud558\uae30 \ud798\ub4e4\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud588\ub358 H1 \ub3c4 H2 \uc640 \uad00\uacc4 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc18\uc99d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac00\uc124\ub85c \ubc14\ub00c\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub85d\uc5d0 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294 \uc778\uad6c\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \ubcf4\uace0 \uadf8 \uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub85d\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc815\ud655\ud55c\uac00\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub098\uac00\uc11c\ub294 \uadf8 \ucc45\uc774 \uc704\uc11c\uc778\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc\uac00\ub3c4 \ucd94\ub860\ud574\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud55c\uad6d \uc5ed\uc0ac\ud559\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uae00\uc790 \ud574\uc11d\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uae4a\uc740 \uc0dd\uac01\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud53c\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uac10\uac01\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud574\uc11c \uc778\uad6c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc774 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc81c\uac00 \uc774 \uc778\uad6c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc880 \ub354 \uacfc\ud559\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc8fc\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\ud559\uacfc \uc0dd\ud0dc\ud559\uc5d0 \ubc14\ud0d5 \ud55c \uae00\uc744 \uc4f0\uac8c \ub41c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc774 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c\ub2e8\uace0\uae30\uac00 \uc704\uc11c\ub0d0 \uc544\ub2c8\ub0d0\uc758 \ub2e8\uc11c\ub85c \uc4f0\uc774\ub294 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uc778\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \ub354 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\ud68c\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4\uba74 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ub0b4\uc5b4 \uae00\uc744 \uc4f4 \uc800\ub3c4 \uae30\uc058\uaca0\ub124\uc694.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2. \uc778\uad6c \ubcc0\ub3d9<\/h3>\n

\uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub098 \uac00\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4 (2).<\/p>\n

r = 1\/N (dN\/dt)<\/strong><\/p>\n

= {log(Nt) – log (No)}\/t<\/strong><\/p>\n

= b – d <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc815\ub9ac\ud558\uba74<\/p>\n

r = b – d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nt = No exp (r t)<\/strong><\/p>\n

= No exp {(b-d)t} <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c,<\/p>\n

r <\/strong>= \uc778\uad6c\uc99d\uac00\uc728 (\ub2e8\uc704 1\/T: T\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04)<\/p>\n

No<\/strong> = \ucc98\uc74c \uc778\uad6c number (t=0) (\ub2e8\uc704 \uc5c6\uc74c: \uba85)<\/p>\n

Nt<\/strong> = \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\uac04 t \uac00 \uc9c0\ub09c \ub4a4 \uc778\uad6c number at t<\/p>\n

b <\/strong>= \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960 birth rate or natal rate (\ub2e8\uc704 1\/T) = \uc0ac\ub78c \ud55c \uba85\ub2f9 \ub0b3\ub294 \uc544\uae30 \uc218<\/p>\n

d <\/strong>=\uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960 death rate or mortality (\ub2e8\uc704 1\/T) = \uc0ac\ub78c \ud55c \uba85\ub2f9 \ucd08\uc0c1 \uce58\ub974\ub294 \uc218<\/p>\n

t<\/strong> =\uc2dc\uac04 time (\ub2e8\uc704 T: \ub144 \ub610\ub294 \uc77c)<\/p>\n

exp<\/strong>: e\uc758 \uc9c0\uc218\ud568\uc218<\/p>\n

log<\/strong>: \uc790\uc5f0\ub85c\uadf8<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\uc744 \ud558\uc5ec \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\uac70\ub098 \ub098\uac00\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uba74 b\ub294 (\ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728+\uc778\uad6c\uc720\uc785\ub960)\ub85c d \ub294 (\uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960+\uc778\uad6c\uc720\ucd9c\uc728)\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc744 \ud06c\uac8c \uc7a1\uc544 \uc778\uad6c \uc720\ucd9c\uc728\uacfc \uc720\uc785\uc728\uc774 \uac19\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uba74 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ub9ac\ud55c \uc2dd\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ucda9\ubd84\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc720\ucd9c\uc728(emigration)\uacfc \uc720\uc785\uc728(immigration)\uc740 \uc9c0\uae08 \uac00\uc124 \uac80\uc815\uc5d0 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5f0\ub839\ubcc4 \uc131\ubcc4 \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \uc0dd\uba85\ud45c(life table)\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uc880 \ub354 \uc790\uc138\ud55c \ube44\uc5f0\uc18d \uc778\uad6c\uc2dd\uc744 \uc4f8 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc (2), \uace0\ub300\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\ub839\ubcc4 \uc778\uad6c \uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ud798\ub4e0 \uc77c\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uc5f0\uc18d\uc2dd\uc774 \uc801\ub2f9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c b \uc640 d\ub97c \uc0c1\uc218\ub85c \uac00\uc815\ud588\ub294\ub370 Nt \uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud568\uc218\ub85c b \uc640 d\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \uc778\uad6c \ubc00\ub3c4\ub098 \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4 \uc218\uc6a9\ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 (density-dependent), S \uc790 \ubaa8\uc591\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ube44\uc120\ud615 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd(nonlinear equation)\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub8f0 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 b\uc640 d\uc758 \ubcc0\ub3d9 \ubc94\uc704\uac00 \uc801\uc740 \uc218\uba85\uc774 \uae38\uace0 \uc790\uc190\uc218\uac00 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc120\ud615\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc774 \ub354 \uc801\ub2f9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 b\uc640 d \uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uace4\ucda9, \ubb3c\uace0\uae30, \uc591\uc11c\ub958\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc0dd\ubb3c \uac1c\uccb4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ube44\uc120\ud615 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc774 \ub354 \uc801\ub2f9\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc5b4\ub290 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ud574\uc11d\ud558\ub294\ub370\ub294 \uc120\ud615\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc774 \ub354 \ud3b8\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ud56d\uc774 \ub9ce\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac04\ub2e4\uace0 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uc88b\uc740 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ud56d\uc774 \ub9ce\uc744\uc218\ub85d (\uc790\uc720\ub3c4\uac00 \ub192\uc744\uc218\ub85d) \ucee4\ube0c \ud53c\ud305 (curve fitting)\uc744 \ub354 \uc798 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc7a5\uc810\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ubc18\uba74\uc5d0 \uadf8 \ud574\uc11d\uc774 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc\uc9c0\uace0 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc758 \uac00\uc815\ub4e4\uc774 \uc720\ud6a8\ud55c\uc9c0 \uac80\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \ub2e8\uc810\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\ub839 X-Y 2\ucc28\uc6d0 \ud3c9\uba74\uc5d0 3 \uc810\uc744 \ucee4\ube0c \ud53c\ud305\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 Y= a X + b \ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 Y = a X^2 + b X + c \uac00 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \ub354 \ud53c\ud305\uc744 \uc798 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud53c\ud305\uc744 \uc798 \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud574\uc11c \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 2\ud56d \uc2dd\uc774 \ub354 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uc798 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uadf8 \uac00\uc815\uc774 \ub354 \ub9de\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud560 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc9c0\uc694. \uc815\ubcf4\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud560 \ub54c\ub294 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 Y = a X + b \ub77c\ub294 \uc9c1\uc120 \uc120\ud615\uc2dd\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uace0\ub300\uc0ac \uc778\uad6c \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\ub294\ub370\ub294 \uc5f0\uc18d \uc120\ud615\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc778\uad6c\uc2dd\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc801\uc808\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 (9). \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc885\ub958\uc758 \uc778\uad6c \ubaa8\ub378 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc791\uc740 \uc218\uc758 \ud56d\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc2dd\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3. \ud3c9\ud615\uacfc \uc544\uc6c3\ube0c\ub808\uc774\ud06c<\/h3>\n

\uc778\uad6c \ubcc0\ud654\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc790\uc5f0 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ubcf4\ub294 \ucca0\ud559\uc740 \ud06c\uac8c \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \ub098\ub20c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 (4). \ud558\ub098\ub294 “\uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ubcc0\ud654”\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uba70 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud558\ub098\ub294 “\ud3c9\ud615\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub2e4\uac00 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc21c\uac04\uc5d0 \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud558\uc5ec \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294 \uaca9\ubcc0”\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc5b4\ub290 \uac83\uc774 \ub354 \uc633\uc73c\ub0d0\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uadf8 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ubcf4\ub294 \uc2dc\uacf5\uac04 \uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\ub839 \ubbf8\uad6d \ub2e4\uc6b0\uc874\uc2a4\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc8fc\uac00 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uba74, \ud558\ub8e8\ub77c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \ubcf4\uba74 \ud06c\uac8c \uaca9\ubcc0\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ud55c \ub2ec \ub2e8\uc704, \ud639\uc740 1\ub144 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \ubcf4\uba74 \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c \uc218\uac00 \uc788\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uacf5\uac04\uc801\uc778 \ubcf4\uae30\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uba74, \ub098\uc2a4\ub2e5\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc804\uccb4 \uc885\ud569 \uc8fc\uac00 \uc9c0\uc218\uc640 \uadf8\ub0e5 IBM\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud55c \uc885\ubaa9 \uc8fc\uac00\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud574\ubcf4\uba74 \uacf5\uac04 \uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c\uc774 \ud070 \ub098\uc2a4\ub2e5\uc740 \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc778 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uacf5\uac04 \uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c\uc774 \uc791\uc740 IBM\uc740 \uaca9\ubcc0\uc744 \ubcf4\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

1\ub144 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc644\ub9cc\ud558\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc2e4\uc81c \uc790\uc138\ud788 1\uc77c \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \ubcf4\uba74 \uc8fc\uac00\uac00 \ud070 \ud3ed\uc73c\ub85c \uaca9\ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacb0\uad6d ‘\uc810\uc9c4\ub860’\uacfc ‘\uaca9\ubcc0\ub860’\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uacfc \uacf5\uac04 \uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub098\uc624\ub294 \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcfc \ub54c\ub294 \uc774 \uc810\uc9c4\ub860\uacfc \uaca9\ubcc0\ub860\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uc798 \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\uace0 \uadf8 \uc2dc\uac04 \uacf5\uac04 \uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c\uc774 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uc9c0 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc815\ub9ac\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

(\uadf8\ub9bc. \uc810\uc9c4\ub860\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf8 \uc138\uacc4 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00)<\/p>\n

20\uc138\uae30 \uacfc\ud559\uc0ac\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc810\uc9c4\ub860\uc774 \uc6b0\uc138\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub4a4\ub85c \uac08\uc218\ub85d \uaca9\ubcc0\ub860\uc774 \uc6b0\uc138\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\ub839 20\uc138\uae30\ucd08\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc778 \uc9c4\ud654\ub860\uc774 \uc6b0\uc138\ud588\ub294\ub370 20\uc138\uae30 \ud6c4\ubc18\uc5d0\ub294 \ub2e8\uc808 \ud3c9\ud615\ub860(punctuated equilibria)\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uaca9\ubcc0\ub860\uc774 \uc6b0\uc138\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 (4).<\/p>\n

(\uadf8\ub9bc: \uaca9\ubcc0\ub860\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf8 \uc778\uad6c \ubcc0\ud654)<\/p>\n

\ub9ce\uc740 \ubd84\ub4e4\uc774 10\ub144\ucbe4 \ub098\uc654\ub358 \ud5d0\ub9ac\uc6b0\ub4dc \uc601\ud654 \uc544\uc6c3\ube0c\ub808\uc774\ud06c (outbreak)\ub97c \ubcf8 \uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc0dd\ubb3c \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc758 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac83\uc778\uc9c0\ub97c \uc798 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uacf5\uc0c1 \uacfc\ud559 \uc601\ud654\uc778\ub370\uc694. \uc544\uc6c3\ube0c\ub808\uc774\ucee4\ub780 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1 \ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4\uac00 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc881\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\ub9cc \uba38\ubb3c\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uac00 \uc774 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uae68\uc9c0\uba74 \uc21c\uc2dd\uac04\uc5d0 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud37c\uc9c0\ub294\ub370, \uc774 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uacc4\ub97c \uae68\uace0 \ub113\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ud280\uc5b4\ub098\uc624\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub300\uac1c \uae09\uc131 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc740 \uc544\uc6c3\ube0c\ub808\uc774\ud06c\uac00 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uba74 \uadf8 \ube60\ub978 \uc804\ud30c\uc18d\ub3c4\ub9cc\ud07c \ube68\ub9ac \ub610 \uc18c\uba78\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\ub798 \ud3c9\ud615\uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5d0\ubcfc\ub77c \ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4\uac00 \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc778\ub958\ub97c \uad34\ub86d\ud788\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc5d0\uc774\uc988, \uac04\uc5fc, \ud3d0\ub834\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc9c8\ubcd1 \ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4\ub294 \uc219\uc8fc\uc778 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \ube68\ub9ac \uc8fd\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc219\uc8fc\ub97c \ube68\ub9ac \uc8fd\uc774\uba74 \uc790\uae30\ub3c4 \uc0dd\uc874\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\uc9c0\uc694. \uc5d0\ubcfc\ub77c\ub098 \ud55c\ud0c4 \ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uae09\uc131 \ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4\uc5d0 \ube44\uad50\ud558\uba74 \uc5d0\uc774\uc988\ub098 \uac04\uc5fc\uc740 \ub9cc\uc131 \ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4\uac00 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc81c\uac00 \uc218\uc2dd\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c \uc124\uba85\ud588\ub358 \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960(b)\uc640 (d)\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uc694\uc778\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub300\uac1c \ud658\uacbd\uacfc \ud3c9\ud615\uc744 \ub9de\ucd98 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc774 \uc801\uc751\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 b \uc640 d \ub294 \uac70\uc758 \uc77c\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub2e4\uac00 \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \uae68\uc9c0\uba74, b \ub610\ub294 d \ud639\uc740 b \uc640 d \uacfc \ud06c\uac8c \ubcc0\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uac1c\uccb4\uad70\uc218\uac00 \uc704 \uadf8\ub9bc\ucc98\ub7fc \uae30\ud558\uae09\uc218\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc790\uc5f0\uc740 \uc774\ub7f0 \uae30\ud558\uae09\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc778\uad6c\uc99d\uac00\ub97c \uac00\ub9cc\ud788 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \ub450\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. b \uc640 d\ub97c \uc6d0\ub798\ub300\ub85c \uc0c8\ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\ub9ac\ub358\uac00, \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc77c\uc815\ud55c b \uc640 d\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uac8c\ub054 \uc870\uc815\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

b \uc640 d \ub294 \uc704 \uc218\uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8\ub0e5 \ube44\ub840\uc0c1\uc218\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc, \uc9c0\uc218 \uc0c1\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 2^10 \uc740 1\ucc9c\uc774\uace0 2^20 \uc740 \uc57d 1\ubc31\ub9cc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728 r \uc774 10\uc5d0\uc11c 20\uc73c\ub85c 2\ubc30 \ub298\uc5b4\ub09c\ub2e4\uba74 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc778\uad6c\ub294 1\ucc9c \ubc30 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub9d0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 2\ubc30\uc640 1\ucc9c \ubc30 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ud070 \uac83\uc774\uace0 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc778\uad6c\uc99d\uac00\ub97c \uc0dd\uac01\ud560 \ub54c \ud754\ud788 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uae30 \uc26c\uc6b4 \uac83\uc774 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801\uc778 \uc778\uad6c \ud3ed\ubc1c \ub2a5\ub825\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728 r\uc744 \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc694\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac83\uc774 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\uacfc \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc744 \ub098\ub204\uc5b4\uc11c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4. \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728 (b)<\/h3>\n

\uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\uc5d0 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub0b3\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc5ec\uc790\uc758 \uc218\uba85\uacfc \uac74\uac15, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uacb0\ud63c \uc5f0\ub839\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacb0\ud63c \uc5f0\ub839\uc774 \ub0ae\uc544\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\uc740 \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uba70 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\ub3c4 \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

20 \uc138\uae30 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc640\uc11c \ud53c\uc784\uc774 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uba74\uc11c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\ub3c4 \ud06c\uac8c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc84c\uc9c0\uc694. \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc778\uc885\ub07c\ub9ac \uacb0\ud63c\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud130\ubd80\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ubb38\ud654\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc778\ub3c4 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\uc5d0 \ud070 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc904 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5ec\uc790\uc758 \uac74\uac15\uc774\ub098 \uc218\uba85\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcfc \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uacfc\ub3c4 \ubc00\uc811\ud55c \uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \ub298\uc5b4\ub09c\ub2e4\uba74 \uac70\uae30\uc5d0 \ube44\ub840\ud574\uc11c \uc5ec\uc790 \uac74\uac15\ub3c4 \ub098\ube60\uc9c0\uace0 \uc218\uba85\ub3c4 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uac83\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\ub3c4 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ubc18\ub300\ub85c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uba74 \uc5ec\uc790 \uac74\uac15\ub3c4 \uc88b\uc544\uc9c0\uace0 \uc218\uba85\ub3c4 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uac83\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\ub3c4 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uacb0\uad6d \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uba74 \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\ub3c4 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uac83\uc774\uace0, \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uba74 \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\uc740 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uba74\uc11c \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\ub3c4 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e0 20\uc138\uae30 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d \uc0ac\uc815\uacfc \ube44\uad50\ud574\ubcf4\uba74, \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uacfc \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \uc99d\uac10\ud558\ub294 \uc774 \uad00\uacc4\ub294 20\uc138\uae30 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc61b\ub0a0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0a0 \ub54c\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \ud06c\uac8c, \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \ub54c\ub294 \ub354\uc6b1 \ube68\ub9ac \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5. \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960 (d)<\/h3>\n

\uc778\ub958 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uba74 \uc0ac\ub78c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc5d0 \ub610 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4\ub294 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\uc5d0\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud070 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc778\uc740 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1, \uc2dd\ub7c9, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc804\uc7c1\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5-1. \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1<\/h4>\n

\uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc774 \uc778\ub958 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac10\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce5c \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uba74 2\ubc88\uc758 \ud070 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uccab\uc9f8\ub294 \uc2e0\uc11d\uae30 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \ub18d\uc5c5\uc774 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uba74\uc11c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc815\ucc29 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ud55c \uc0ac\uac74\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc720\ubaa9 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ud560 \ub54c\ub294 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc774 \uc2ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc544\uc774\ub4e4 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\ub3c4 \ud06c\uac8c \ub192\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d0\uc791\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc815\ucc29 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ud558\uba74\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc744 \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\ub294 \uac01\uc885 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uade0\ub3c4 \ud568\uaed8 \ubc88\uc131\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc0c1\ud638\uc9c4\ud654(coevolution)\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub54c \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1 \ubc1c\uc0dd \ube48\ub3c4\ub294 \uc778\uad6c \ubc00\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ube44\ub840\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac8c \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\ub290\ub0d0\ud558\uba74 \uc778\ub958 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uba74 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\ub3c4 \ud568\uaed8 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud574\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uace0, \uadf8\ub7ec\uba74\uc11c \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uba74 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc9c0\uc694. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc88b\uc740 \uc608\uac00 \uc911\uc138 \uc720\ub7fd \ud751\uc0ac\ubcd1\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1 \ubc1c\uc0dd \ube48\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc778\uad6c \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \ub300\ucda9 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \uc8fc\uae30\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc99d\uac10\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc9d0\uc791\ud574\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc0ac\uac74\uc740 19\uc138\uae30\uc640 20\uc138\uae30 \uc758\ud559\uc758 \ubc1c\ub2ec\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610 \uc774\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud55c \ud53c\uc784\uc220\uc758 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc778\ub370\uc694. \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf8\ub2e4\uba74 19\uc138\uae30 \uc758\ub8cc \ud601\uba85\uc740 \uc2e0\uc11d\uae30 \uc2dc\ub300 \ub18d\uc5c5\uc758 \ubc1c\ub2ec\uacfc \ub9de\uba39\ub294 \ud070 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uc8fc\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08 20\uc138\uae30 \uc778\uad6c\ub294 \uae30\ud558\uae09\uc218\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70 \uadf8 \ub2e4\uc74c \ud3c9\ud615\uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uc5b4\ub514\uc778\uc9c0 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ubaa8\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5-2. \uc2dd\ub7c9<\/h4>\n

\uc0dd\ud0dc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc218\uc6a9\ub2a5\ub825(carrying capacity)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 (2). \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4\uac00 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc0dd\ubb3c \uac1c\uccb4\uc218\ub97c \uba39\uc5ec \uc0b4\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uac00\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\ub294\ub370. \uc218\uc6a9\ub2a5\ub825\uc5d0\uc11c \uba39\uc774\uac00 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub2e4\ub978 \uc694\uc778\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

(\uadf8\ub9bc. \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4 \uc218\uc6a9\ub2a5\ub825\uacfc S \uc790 \ubaa8\uc591\uc758 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00)<\/p>\n

\uc778\ub958 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc99d\uac00\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc778\uad6c\ub3c4 \ud568\uaed8 \uc99d\uac00\ud574\uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \ub05d\ub09c \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uc99d\uac00\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \uc778\uad6c\ub9cc\uc744 \uc99d\uac00\uc2dc\ucf30\uc9c0 \uc778\uad6c\uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc5d0\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc548 \ubbf8\ucce4\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc2a8 \ub9d0\uc778\uace0 \ud558\uba74 \uc55e\uc5d0 \uc218\uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\uc74c \uc778\uad6c No\uc5d0\uc11c Nt \ub85c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub294\ub370 o \uc640 t \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\ub294 b\uc640 d \uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \ubcc0\ud588\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc t \uc774\ud6c4\ub85c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc6d0\ub798\uc758 b \uc640 d \ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\uc544\uac14\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc27d\uac8c \ub9d0\ud574\uc11c \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub85c \uae09\uc9c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub6f0\uc5b4\uc624\ub978 \uac83\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\uba70 (5), \uc774 \uacfc\ub3c4\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 b\uac00 \ub298\uace0 d \uac00 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc t \uc2dc\uac04 \ub4a4\ub85c\ub294 \uc6d0\ub798 b \uc640 d \ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\uc544\uac14\ub2e4\ub294 \ub9d0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

(\uadf8\ub9bc. \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc \uc774\ub3d9(5))<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uae30\uc220\uc774 \uae09\uc9c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc644\ub9cc\ud558\uac8c \uc5f0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc870\uae08\uc529 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uba74 b \ub294 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc870\uae08\uc529 \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \ub298\uc5c8\uace0 d \ub294 \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \uc904\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub85d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcfc \ub54c\ub294 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uae30\uc220 \ubc1c\ub2ec\uc774 \ud601\uba85\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\ub294\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uba74 \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\ub294\uac00\ub97c \uad6c\ubd84\ud574\uc11c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc218\uc6a9\ub2a5\ub825\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc9c0\uc5ed, \ubd80\uc871, \uad6d\uac00\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc778\uad6c\uc758 \uc0c1\ud55c\uc120(upper limit)\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc27d\uac8c \ub9d0\ud574\uc11c \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc774\ub098 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uac70\uc758 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c r=b-d=0 \ub77c\ub294 \uc0c1\ud55c\uc120\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc774 \uc0c1\ud55c\uc120\uc740 \uace0\uc870\uc120 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uc778\uad6c\ub77c\ub294 \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uac80\uc815\ud558\ub294\ub370 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\uc774\uba70, \uc911\uad6d \uc778\uad6c \ubcc0\ucc9c\uc744 \uc798 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uba74 \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc778\uad6c\ub3c4 \ucd94\uc815\ud574\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc65c\ub0d0\uba74 \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc544\uc9c1 \ub18d\uc5c5\uc0dd\uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uadfc\ub300\ud654\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc73c\uba70 1970\ub144\ub300 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc774\ub098 \uc804\uc7c1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc694\uc778\uc740 \uac70\uc758 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uae08 \uc911\uad6d \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uc0c1\ud55c\uc120\uc5d0 \uac00\uae5d\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub098 \ubcf4\ub294\ub370\uc694. \uc9c0\uae08 \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uc0b0\uc544\uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uace0\uc870\uc120\uacfc \ube44\uad50\ud574\uc11c \ub354 \ub192\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub18d\uc5c5\uc0dd\uc0b0\ub7c9\uacfc \ub354 \ub0ae\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\uc744 \uc798 \ube44\uad50\ud558\uba74, \uc9c0\uae08 \uc911\uad6d \uba74\uc801\uacfc \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uace0\ubd88 \uc7ac\uc704 \ub54c \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uba74\uc801\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uad6c \uc0c1\ud55c\uc120\uc744 \ube44\uad50\uc801 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ucd94\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5-3. \uc804\uc7c1<\/h4>\n

\uc778\ub958 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub358 \uc2dc\uae30\ub294 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694. \uc9c0\uae08\ub3c4 \uad6d\uac00\uc640 \uad6d\uac00, \ud639\uc740 \ubbfc\uc871\uacfc \ubbfc\uc871, \uc885\uad50\uc640 \uc885\uad50, \ubd80\uc871\uacfc \ubd80\uc871\uac04\uc5d0 \ud06c\uace0 \uc791\uc740 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \ub04a\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd10\uc11c \uc61b\ub0a0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc774\ub7ac\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc9d0\uc791\ud574\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub294\ub370 \uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub85d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub354 \ub298\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \uae30\ub85d\uc77c \ud655\ub960\uc774 \ub192\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uac11\uc790\uae30 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\uc744 \ub54c \uc778\uad6c \ubcc0\ud654\ub3c4 \uc720\uc2ec\ud788 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcfc \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 2\ucc28 \uc138\uacc4 \ub300\uc804\uc774 \ub05d\ub098\uace0 \uac01 \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c \ubca0\uc774\ube44\ubd90\uc774 \ubd88\uc5b4 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uba74\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \ub54c \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e0\ub2e4\uba74 \uc778\uad6c\ub3c4 \ud06c\uac8c \ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uac00\ub839 \uc0bc\uad6d\ud1b5\uc77c\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\uc11c \uc0bc\uad6d\uac04\uc5d0 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc77c\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4\uba74 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc2dd\ub7c9\uc774\ub098 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \uac19\ub2e4\uba74 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc778\uad6c\ub3c4 \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub7c9\uacfc \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc694\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \ubb34\ud55c\uc815 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ubd84\uba85\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ubcc4 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uba74 \uc778\uad6c\ub3c4 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc0bc\uad6d\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubd80\uc871\uc774\ub098 \uc528\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ub258\uc5b4\uc11c \ud06c\uace0 \uc791\uc740 \ubd84\uc7c1\uacfc \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uac70\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub358 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc774 \uc815\ubcf5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \ud070 \uad6d\uac00\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud558\uace0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uadf8 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc744 \uc911\uc559 \uad8c\ub825\uc774 \ud1b5\uc81c\ub97c \ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uba74 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd10\uc57c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uadf8\ucce4\ub2e4\uace0 \ud574\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ubb34\ud55c\ud788 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\uc9c0\uc694. \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uacfc \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub7c9\uc774 \uc815\ud55c \uc6d0\ub798 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \uc0c8\ub85c \ud68c\ubcf5\ud55c \ub4a4\uc5d0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \ud3c9\ud615\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd10\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub2e4\uac00 \uc758\ub8cc \uae30\uc220 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc774\ub098 \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uae30\uc220\uc5d0 \ud601\uba85\uc774 \uc624\uba74 \uadf8 \ud3c9\ud615\uc740 \uae68\uc9c0\uace0 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud06c\uac8c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08 21 \uc138\uae30\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uae09\uaca9\ud788 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0\uc694. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc9c0\uae08\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc774 \uacfc\uac70\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uba74 \ud070 \uc624\ub958\ub97c \ubc94\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 20\uc138\uae30\uc640 21\uc138\uae30\ucd08\ub294 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc778 \ubcc0\ud654\uae30\uc774\uac70\ub098 \ud3c9\ud615 (r=0)\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \ube44\uc57d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub118\ub294 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c \ud601\uba85\uc774 \uc808\uc815\uc778 \uc2dc\uae30\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud601\uba85 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uacfc\uac70\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uadf8\ub7ac\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uba74 \ud070 \ucc29\uac01\uc774\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694. \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c \uadf8 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \ub300\ud45c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud3c9\ubc94\ud55c \uc2dc\uae30\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc544\uc8fc \uc720\ubcc4\ub09c \uc2dc\uae30\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6. \ud55c\ub2e8\uace0\uae30 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac00\uc124 \uac80\uc815 \uc815\ub9ac<\/h3>\n

6-1. \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728 (r)<\/h4>\n

\uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960 b\uc640 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960 d\ub97c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc694\uc778\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\uac74\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\ub294\ub370\uc694. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc778\ub958 \uc5ed\uc0ac \uc2dc\uae30 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0\uc11c b = d, \uc27d\uac8c \ub9d0\ud574\uc11c r = b – d = 0\ub85c \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ub9de\ucd94\uc5b4\uc11c \uac70\uc758 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc798 \uc544\ub294 20\uc138\uae30 \uc778\uad6c \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc740 \uc774 r = 0 \ub77c\ub294 \ud3c9\ud615\uc774 \uae68\uc9c4 \uc2dc\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc758\ub8cc\uae30\uc220 \ud601\uba85\uc774\ub098 \ub18d\uc5c5 \uae30\uc220 \ud601\uba85, \ub610\ub294 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1 \ucc3d\uad90\uc774\ub098 \ud070 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 r = 0 \ub77c\ub294 \uac00\uc815\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \uacfc\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uacfc\uac70 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc778 r\uc744 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud55c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 r\uc744 0 \uc5d0 \uac00\uae5d\uac8c \ubcf4\uba74\uc11c \uc774\ub7f0 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uac00\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8\ub4e4\uc774 \uac00\uc815\ud558\ub294 r \uc740 0 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc544\uc8fc \ubbf8\ubb18\ud558\uac8c \ud07d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uae30\uc6d0\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \uba87 \uba85\uc774\ub2e4 \uc911\uc138 \ub54c\ub294 \uba87 \uba85\uc774\ub2e4 \ucd94\ub860\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294\ub370\uc694. \uc774\ub807\uac8c 0\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc870\uae08 \ud070 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c r\uc744 \uac00\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 r \uac12\uc744 \ubaa8\ub974\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\ub3c4 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc9c0\uad6c \uc804\uccb4\ub85c \ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c \ub610 \uc218\ucc9c \ub144\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud3c9\uade0 \uae30\uac04\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud070 \uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c r\uc744 \uac00\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc810\uc9c4\ub860 \ucca0\ud559\uc5d0 \ubc14\ud0d5\ud55c \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ud070 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc5c6\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\ub4ef\uc774 \uc778\ub958 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c r \uc740 \uc9e7\uc740 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ud06c\uac8c \ubcc0\ub3d9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc778\ub958\uac00 \ub5a0\ub3cc\uc774 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ud558\ub2e4\uac00 \ub18d\uc5c5\uc744 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc815\ucc29 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uba74 \uc544\uc9c1 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc774 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc778\ub958\ub97c \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacf5\uaca9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud07c \uc9c4\ud654\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc2dd\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub7c9 \uc99d\uac00\uc5d0 \ub9de\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub2e4\uac00 \uc778\uad6c\ubc00\ub3c4\uac00 \ub192\uc544\uc9c0\uace0 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\ub3c4 \uc11c\uc11c\ud788 \uc778\ub958\ub97c \uacf5\uaca9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc7ac\ube68\ub9ac \uc9c4\ud654\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc81c\uac00 \uc9d0\uc791\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \ub18d\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uace0 \ub098\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\ub294 \uadf8 \ub4a4 \uc218\ucc9c \ub144\uc774 \uc9c0\ub09c \ub54c\uc640 \ube44\uad50\ud574\ubcf4\uba74 \uc544\uc8fc \ub9ce\uc558\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc120\uc785\uacac\uc744 \ubc84\ub824\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub9cc\uc57d \ub2e8\uad70 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 “\uc778\uad6c\uc870\uc0ac\ub97c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud560 \ub9cc\ud07c” \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uc911\uc559 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadf8 \uc9c0\uc5ed \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc774\ub098 \uc804\uc7c1\uc744 \ud1b5\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 d \uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uba74\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\ub294 \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610 \uc911\uc559 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ub18d\uc5c5\uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc7ac\ube68\ub9ac \ubcf4\uae09\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4\uba74 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uba74 \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uc774\uc0c1\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\ub610 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub294\ub370 \uadf8 \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\ub294 \uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub85d\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8\uac83 \ub610\ud55c \uc774\uc0c1\ud55c \uc77c\uc77c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uac11\uc790\uae30 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4 \uc778\uad6c \ubc00\ub3c4\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uace0 \uadf8 \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \ucc3d\uad90\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uae30\ub85d\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc11c\ub294 \uc704\uc11c\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \ub18d\uc5c5 \uae30\uc220\uc774 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ub18d\uc791\ubb3c \uc7ac\ubc30 \uba74\uc801\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uadf8 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0\ub294 \ubcd1\ucda9\ud574\uac00 \ucc3d\uad90\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\ub85d\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc11c\ub294 \uc704\uc11c\uac00 \uc544\ub2d0 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc544\uc8fc \ub192\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \ub4b7\ub0a0 \ub204\uad70\uac00\uac00 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uba4b\uc9c0\uac8c \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc11c\ub97c \uc870\uc791\ud588\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 20\uc138\uae30 \uc778\uad6c\ud559\uc774\ub098 \uc0dd\ud0dc\ud559\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uccb4\uacc4\uc801\uc778 \uacf5\ubd80\ub97c \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc77c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud3c9\ud615(b=d)\uc5d0 \ub9de\ucd94\uc5b4\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 1\ub9cc \uba85\uc5d0\uc11c 1\uc5b5 \uba85\uc73c\ub85c \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\ub294\ub370 \uac78\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ud55c\ubc88 \ucd94\uc815\ud574\ubcf4\uc9c0\uc694. t = 0 \uc77c \ub54c 1\ub9cc \uba85\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 20\ub144\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uae30\uac04 \ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0 1\ub9cc \uba85\uc758 \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub0b3\uace0 1\ub9cc \uba85\uc774 \uc8fd\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc9c0\uc694. \uc774 \ub54c \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\uc740<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b = (1\ub9cc \uba85\uc758 \uc544\uc774)\/(1\ub9cc \uba85)\/20\ub144 = 1\/20 = 0.05\/\ub144<\/strong><\/p>\n

d = b = 0.05\/\ub144 <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ub18d\uc5c5 \uae30\uc220 \ubc1c\ub2ec\uc774\ub098 \uc804\uc7c1 \uc911\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\uc774 50%\ub85c \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uace0 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 50% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub7fc,<\/p>\n

b = 0.05 x 150% = 0.075\/\ub144<\/strong><\/p>\n

d = 0.05 x 50% = 0.025\/\ub144 <\/strong><\/p>\n

r = 0.075-0.025 = 0.05\/\ub144 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Nt = No exp(x \ub144 x 0.05\/\ub144)<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\uc5b5 = 1\ub9cc exp(0.05 x) <\/strong><\/p>\n

x = log(1\uc5b5\/1\ub9cc)\/0.05<\/strong><\/p>\n

= log(1\ub9cc)\/0.05<\/strong><\/p>\n

= log(10^4)\/0.05<\/strong><\/p>\n

= 4 log(10)\/0.05<\/strong><\/p>\n

= 4 x 2.3\/0.05<\/strong><\/p>\n

= 184 \ub144 <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc989 \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960 50% \uc99d\uac00, \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960 50% \uac10\uc18c\ud560 \ub54c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud3c9\ud615\uc73c\ub85c 1\ub9cc \uba85\uc774 1\uc5b5 \uba85\uc774 \ub418\ub294\ub370\ub294 \ubd88\uacfc 184\ub144 \ubc16\uc5d0 \uac78\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

50%\uac00 \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\ub2e4\uba74 10% \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960 \uc99d\uac00\uc640 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960 \uac10\uc18c\ub97c \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcf4\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b = 0.055<\/strong><\/p>\n

d = 0.045<\/strong><\/p>\n

r = 0.01 <\/strong><\/p>\n

x = 4 log(10)\/0.01<\/strong><\/p>\n

= 921 \ub144\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc27d\uac8c \ub9d0\ud574\uc11c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ub18d\uc5c5 \ud601\uba85 \uae30\uc220\uc774\ub098 \uc911\uc559 \uad8c\ub825\uc758 \ucd9c\ud604\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 10% \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uace0, \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc728\uc774 10%\ub9cc \ub298\uae30\ub9cc \ud574\ub3c4 \uc778\uad6c 1\ub9cc \uba85\uc758 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \uc57d 1000\ub144\ub9cc\uc5d0 1\uc5b5 \uba85\uc758 \uc778\uad6c\ub85c \ubd88\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub9d0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uc774 \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc694\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc77c\uc815\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud55c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc55e \ubcf4\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c\uac00 \uc0dd\uac01\ud588\ub358 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624 \ub458\uc5d0\uc11c 50% \uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0, r = 0.05, 10% \uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0 r = 0.01 \uc774\uc5c8\uc9c0\uc694. \ucc38\uace0\ub85c \ud53c\uc784\uc220\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \ubcf4\uae09\ub418\uace0 3\uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc0b0\uc544\uc5b5\uc81c \uc815\ucc45\uc774 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ub41c 1990-1995\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc138\uacc4 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc740 r = 0.0148 (3) \uc774\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc81c\uac00 10%\ub85c \uc7a1\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uacb0\ucf54 \ud604\uc2e4\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uac00 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\uc694. \uac8c\ub2e4\uac00 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \ud53c\uc784\uc220\uc774 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud574 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc 20\uc138\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \ud53c\uc784\uc220\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uaca9\ubcc0\uae30\uc758 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\ub85c r = 0 \uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uacb0\ucf54 \uac00\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc774\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6-2. \uc9c0\uc18d \uae30\uac04 (t)<\/h4>\n

\uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc778\uad6c 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc744 \uac80\uc815\ud558\ub294\ub370 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc774\uc57c\uae30\uac00 \ube60\uc84c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc81c\uac00 \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c \uac83\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74 r=b-d \ub9cc \uac15\uc870\ub97c \ud588\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

\uc6d0\ub798 \uc778\uad6c\uc99d\uac00\uc2dd\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ubcfc\uae4c\uc694?<\/p>\n

Nt = No exp (r t) <\/strong><\/p>\n

\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0\ub960\uc774 \ub0ae\uac70\ub098 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \ub192\uc544 r \uc774 1\/10 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uc791\uc544\uc84c\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 t (\uc2dc\uac04)\uc774 10 \ubc30 \ub298\uc5b4\ub09c\ub2e4\uba74 \ub611 \uac19\uc740 \uc778\uad6c\uc99d\uac00\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc628\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub098\uc628 \uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \ubcfc \ub54c \ubc30\ub2ec \ud658\uad6d \uac74\uad6d(B.C 3898 \ub144)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uc870\uc0ac\ub97c \ud588\ub358 \uace0\ubd88 56\ub144(B.C.1666 \ub144) \uae4c\uc9c0 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740<\/p>\n

t = B.C. 3898 – B.C.1666 = 2232 \ub144\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\uc138\uacc4 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\ud55c \uc911\uc559 \uad8c\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \ub113\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0\uc11c 1\ucc9c\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \uc9c0\uc18d\ud574\uc628 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \ub9ce\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0bc\uc131\uae30 \uc0c1\ud3b8\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74 \ub3d9\ub140 \ub3d9\ub0a8 800\uba85\uc774 \ud751\uc218\uc640 \ubc31\uc0b0 \ub545\uc5d0 \ub0b4\ub824\uc654\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub294\ub370\uc694 (1). 2232\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 800 \uba85\uc774 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ub418\ub824\uba74 \uc778\uad6c\uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc774 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \ub418\ub294\uac00 \ud480\uc5b4\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc9c0\uc694.<\/p>\n

1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc = 800 exp(r 2232)<\/strong><\/p>\n

r = log(1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\/800)\/2232<\/strong><\/p>\n

= log(225000)\/2232<\/strong><\/p>\n

= 0.00552 (\uc57d 0.6%) <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\uc9c0\uae08 \uc138\uacc4 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc774 r = 0.0148 \uc5d0 \ube44\uad50\ud574\uc11c 2.6 \ubc30 \ub354 \uc791\uc740 \uc5f0 0.6% \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 800 \uba85 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 2232 \ub144\ub9cc\uc5d0 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub9d0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub18d\uc5c5\uc744 \ud558\uae30 \uc804 \uc218\ub835\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\ub0e5\uc744 \ud560 \ub54c \uc138\uacc4 \uc778\ub958 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc740 \uc57d 0.01 – 0.005%\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 (6). \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub0ae\uc740 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc740 \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 8\ucc9c\ub144 \ubb34\ub835 \uc2e0\uc11d\uae30 \ub18d\uc5c5 \ud601\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub18d\uc5c5 \ud601\uba85 \ub54c \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub294\uc9c0 \uc815\ud655\ud788\ub294 \ubaa8\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uad6c\uc11d\uae30 \uc2dc\ub300\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc57d 1\ub9cc \ubc30 \uc815\ub3c4 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc774 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uba74\uc11c \uc9c0\uae08\ubd80\ud130 \uc57d 9\ucc9c\ub144 \uc138\uacc4 \uc778\uad6c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\uac04\uc5d0 1\ucc9c 5\ubc31\ub9cc\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4. (7). \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub18d\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uc774 \ub05d\ub09c B.C. 8\ucc9c\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc11c\uae30 0\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc5f0 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc778\uad6c\uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc740 0.045%\ub85c \ubcf4\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 (8). \ubb3c\ub860 \uc774\ub7f0 \uae09\uaca9\ud55c \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc740 \uace7 r = 0.045% \ub85c \ud3c9\ud615\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5c8\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc \uace0\uc870\uc120 \ubc30\ub2ec \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b8\uc81c \ub18d\uc5c5 \ud601\uba85\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub294\uac00\ub97c \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ucd94\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud560 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucc38\uace0\ub85c \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc2dc\ub300\uac00 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\ub294 \ub18d\uc5c5 \ud601\uba85\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc11c\uae30 1 \ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc138\uacc4 \uc778\uad6c\ub294 \uc57d 3 \uc5b5 \uba85\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc0b0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 (8).<\/p>\n

\ubb3c\ub860 \ucd5c\uc885 \uc218\uc6a9\ub2a5\ub825, \uc989 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uace0\uc870\uc120\uc758 \uba74\uc801\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub418\ub294\uac00\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c0\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub18d\uc5c5 \ud601\uba85\uc744 \uacaa\uc740 \uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \uc804\ud6c4\ub85c \ud574\uc11c \uc57d 2\ucc9c\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc5f0 \ud3c9\uade0 0.6% \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\ub294 \uace0\ub300 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc0dd\uac01\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc778\uad6c \uc99d\uac00\uc728\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub9cc\uc57d \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uad6d\uac00\uac00 \ud070 \uc804\uc7c1 \uc5c6\uc774 1\ucc9c\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \uc9c0\uc18d\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uba74 \uadf8 \uad6d\uac00 \ub9d0\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\ub839 \uace0\uc870\uc120, \ud1b5\uc77c\uc2e0\ub77c, \ub85c\ub9c8\uc81c\uad6d\uc774 \uadf8 \uc88b\uc740 \ubcf4\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uace0\ub824\uc640 \uc870\uc120\uc740 \ubb18\uccad\uc758 \ub09c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub0b4\ub780\uc774\ub098 \uc678\uce68\uc774 \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\uc544\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \ud798\ub4e4\uaca0\uc9c0\uc694. 1\ucc9c\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc9c0\uc18d\ud55c \uad6d\uac00\uac00 \ub9dd\ud558\ub294 \uc694\uc778 \uc911\uc5d0\ub294 \uc778\uad6c \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc2dd\ub7c9 \ubd80\uc871, \ubcd1\ucda9\ud574 \ubc1c\uc0dd, \uc804\uc5fc\ubcd1 \ucc3d\uad90\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc790\uc5f0\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \uc815\uce58 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc778\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \uc911\uc694\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc2e4\uc81c \uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub85d\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\ub7f0 \uc790\uc5f0\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc778\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub358 \uc61b \uc5ed\uc0ac\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \uc18c\ud640\ud788 \ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac70\ub098 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucc9c\ub144 \uc655\uad6d\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5c8\ub358 \uad6d\uac00\uac00 \uc778\uad6c \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc774 \uac00\uc838\uc628 \uc790\uc5f0\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\uc874 \uc815\uce58 \uc0ac\ud68c \uc9c8\uc11c\uac00 \ud5c8\ubb3c\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0 \ub0b4\uc804\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uba74\uc11c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uad6d\uac00\ub85c \ubd84\uc5f4\ub418\uc5b4 \uc778\uad6c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud06c\uac8c \uac10\uc18c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc778\uad6c\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uad6d\uac00\ub098 \ubd80\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc5f4\ub418\uc5b4 \uc804\uc7c1\uc744 \ubc8c\uc774\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \uc904\uc774\ub824\ub294 \uc790\uc5f0\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc801\uc751\uc77c \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ucc9c\ub144 \uc655\uad6d\uc744 \uac74\uc124\ud574\uc11c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc911\uc559 \uad8c\ub825\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0 \uc678\uce68\uacfc \ub0b4\ub780\uc774 \uac70\uc758 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud558\ub294\ub370 \uc9c0\uae08 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774\uc810\uc744 \ub108\ubb34 \uac04\uacfc\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6-3. \uc6b0\uc5f0\uc758 \uc77c\uce58 (p)<\/h4>\n

\ud1b5\uacc4\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \ud655\ub960\ub860\uc5d0 \ubc14\ud0d5 \ud588\uc744 \ub54c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \uc6b0\uc5f0\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a0 \ud655\ub960\uc774 5% \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc720\uc758 \ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uba70 \uc6b0\uc5f0\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc694\uc778\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud544\uc5f0\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\ub839 \uc810\uc7c1\uc774\uac00 \uc785\uc2dc \uc0dd\ub4e4 \ud569\uaca9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc2e0\ud1b5\ud558\uac8c \uc54c\uc544\ub9de\ud78c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud588\uc744 \ub54c \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \uac80\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74. \uc6b0\uc5f0\ud788 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud559\uc0dd\uc744 \ub9de\ucd9c \ud655\ub960\uc740 50%, \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud559\uc0dd\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub9de\ucd9c \ud655\ub960\uc740 25%, \uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8\ub294 12.5%, \ub124 \ubc88\uc9f8\ub294 6.25%, \ub2e4\uc12f \ubc88\uc9f8\ub294 3.125 %\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc810\uc7c1\uc774\uac00 \ud655\ub960\ub860\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc2dc\ud5d8 \ubb38\uc744 \ud1b5\uacfc\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ucc98\uc74c 5\uba85 \ud569\uaca9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud55c\ubc88\ub3c4 \ud2c0\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc904\uc904\uc774 \uc787\ub530\ub77c \ub9de\ucd94\uc5b4\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ud604\ub300 \uacfc\ud559\uc758 \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uac80\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc810\uc7c1\uc774 \ubcf4\uae30\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5c8\uc73c\ub2c8 \ud604\ub300 \uacfc\ud559\uacfc \uac00\uc124\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \uc2e0\ud1b5\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uac83\uc778\uc9c0 \uac10\uc774 \uc2ac\uc2ac \uc7a1\ud788\ub9ac\ub77c \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub85d\uc5d0 \ub098\uc624\ub294 \ucd94\uc815\uce58\ub97c \uc774\ub7f0 \ud655\ub960\ub860\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud560 \ub54c\ub294 \uc6b0\uc120 \uadf8 \ucc45\uc758 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \ubaa8\ub450 \ub9de\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud55c \ub4a4 \uadf8 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \ucd94\uc815\uce58\uac00 \uc6b0\uc5f0\uc73c\ub85c \ub9de\uc744 \ud655\ub960\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\uc778\uac00\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \uc720\uc758\ub3c4(p)\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uac80\uc815\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc800\uac83 \ubaa8\ub450 \ubd84\ub9ac\ud574 \ub530\uc9c0\uba74\uc11c \ubaa8\ub450 \ud2c0\ub838\ub2e4\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uae30\ub85d\uc774 \ub9de\ub294\uac00 \ud2c0\ub9b0 \uac00\ub97c \uac80\uc815\ud560 \uc218\uac00 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ucc45\uc774 \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc624\ub294 \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ud655\ub960 (p) \uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc778\uad6c\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub85d\uc744 \uac80\uc815\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc9c0\uc694. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uadf8 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc744 \uc633\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uc774\ub7f0 \uacfc\ud559\uc801\uc778 \ucd94\ub860\uc740 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uba70 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc11c\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ud655\ub960\uc5d0 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc744 \ud558\uc5ec \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uac80\uc815\ud560 \uc218\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud658\ub2e8\uace0\uae30 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc744 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ub9cc\uc57d \uace0\uc870\uc120\uc774 9\ud658\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \ub113\uc740 \uba74\uc801\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uad6d\uac00 \uc5f0\ud569\uccb4\uc600\ub2e4\uba74 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc138\uacc4 \uc778\uad6c \uc57d 3\uc5b5\uc5d0\uc11c 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc740 20\uc138\uae30 \uc778\ub958\ud559\uacfc \uc778\uad6c\ud559\uc744 \ubaa8\ub978 \ucc44 \ud568\ubd80\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc22b\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc655 \ubee5\uc744 \uce58\ub824\uba74 10\uc5b5\ub3c4 \ub418\uace0 100\uc5b5\ub3c4 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370 \uc65c \ud558\ud544 “3\uc5b5 > 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc”\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc22b\uc790\ub97c \ub0b4\uc5b4\ub193\uc558\uc744\uae4c\uc694? \ud6c4\ub300\uc5d0 \uc124\uc0ac \uc870\uc791\uc744 \ud588\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uc870\uc791\uc744 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc138\uacc4 \uc778\uad6c\uc640 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ud1a0\ub300\ub85c \ud55c \uc218 \ucc9c\ub144 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \ucd94\uc815\uc774\ub098 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\uae4c? \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc6b0\uc5f0\uc758 \uc77c\uce58\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \uc6b0\uc5f0\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a0 \ud655\ub960\uc774 5% \uc774\ud558\ub77c\uba74 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc778\uad6c\ub97c 100\ub9cc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ubc31 \uc5b5\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ubee5\uc744 \uce60 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc +\/- 5\ubc31\ub9cc\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uadf8 \ubc94\uc704\ub294 \uc804\uccb4 \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c p < 5% \uc774\ud558\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774\ub098 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \ubee5\uc744 \uce60 \ub54c\ub294 \ub9c9\uc5f0\ud558\uac8c \uc218\ubc31 \ub9cc, \uc218 \uc5b5, \uc218\uc2ed \uc5b5, \uc218\ubc31 \ub9cc\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uc9c0 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc624\ucc28(+\/- 5\ubc31\ub9cc)\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \uc22b\uc790\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc790\uc2e0\uac10\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc22b\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uadf8 \uc790\uc2e0\uac10\uc758 \uc774\uc720\ub294 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uae30\ub85d\uc774 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\uba70 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ud6c4\ub300\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83 \uc678\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc3e\uc744 \uc218\uac00 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6-4. \uc815\ub9ac<\/h4>\n

\uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \ud070 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774\ub098 \ub0b4\uc804\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uace0 \uc911\uc559 \uad8c\ub825\uc744 \uc624\ub798 \uc9c0\uc18d\ud588\ub2e4\uba74 2232\ub144 \ub9cc\uc5d0 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc740 \uacb0\ucf54 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc778\uad6c\ub77c\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uc6d0\uc804 8\ucc9c \ub144\uc5d0\uc11c \uc11c\uae30 1\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \uc57d 3\uc5b5\uc73c\ub85c \uc7a1\ub294 \uc9c0\uae08 \ud559\uc790\ub4e4 \ucd94\uc815\uce58\ub97c \ub530\ub974\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 9\ud658\uc5d0 \uac78\uce5c \uace0\uc870\uc120\uc774 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uc778\uad6c \uc815\ub3c4\ub97c \uac00\uc84c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc815\uc0c1\uc774\uc9c0 \ub9cc\uc57d \uadf8\uac83\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \uc791\uac8c \uc791\uc558\ub2e4\uba74 \uadf8\uac83\uc774\uc57c\ub9d0\ub85c \uc704\uc11c\uc778 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ub420 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc704\uc11c\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\ub824\uace0 \ud558\uba74 \uc880 \ub354 \uc801\ub2f9\ud55c \uc22b\uc790\ub97c \uc4f0\uc9c0 \uc65c \ucc98\uc74c \ud53c\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c \ud669\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ub192\uc740 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud588\uc744\uae4c\uc694? \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc774 \ud658\ub2e8\uace0\uae30 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ud655\ub960\ub85c \ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c \uc544\uc8fc \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc22b\uc790\uc77c \ud655\ub960\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub418\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\uae4c?<\/p>\n

\uace0\uc870\uc120\ucc98\ub7fc 3\ucc9c\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \ub3d9\uc548 \ud55c \uad6d\uac00\uac00 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ub798\ub97c \ucc3e\uc544\ubcf4\uae30 \ud798\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ub0b4\uac00 \ucd94\uce21\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \ub053\uc784 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc804\uc7c1\uc744 \uce58\ub800\ub358 \uc0bc\uad6d \uc2dc\ub300\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc624\ub7ab\ub3d9\uc548 \uc911\uc559 \uad8c\ub825\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud588\ub358 \ub2e8\uc77c \uad6d\uac00 \uace0\uc870\uc120\uc774 \ud6e8\uc52c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud1b5\uc77c\uc2e0\ub77c\ub294 \uc0bc\uad6d\uc2dc\ub300\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub9ce\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uace0\uc870\uc120\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc0bc\uad6d \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc558\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub9c9\uc5f0\ud55c \uac00\uc815\uc740 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\ud654\uc5d0 \uc9c0\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc77c\ubc18\ud654\ub41c \uac00\uc815\uc740 \ud070 \uc2a4\ucf00\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ub098\uc62c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uacfc \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 r \uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uc21c\uac04\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\ud558\uae09\uc218\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud06c\uac8c \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud06c\uac8c \ubb34\ub108\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ud3c9\ubc94\ud55c \uc9c4\ub9ac\ub97c \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub098\uc624\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc9c0\uc694. \uace0\uc870\uc120\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uae34 \uad6d\uac00 \uc874\uc18d\uae30\uac04\uc744 \ubcf8\ub2e4\uba74 \uc778\uad6c 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc\uacfc \uac70\uae30\uc5d0 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uba74\uc801\uc740 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7. \ub098\uac00\uba74\uc11c<\/h3>\n

\uc774\ub7f0 \uacb0\ub860\ub4e4\uc774 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub294 \uc77d\ub294 \ubd84\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e1\uae30\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc9c0\uae08 \uadf8\ub0e5 \ud3b8\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uba87\uba87 \uacfc\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0ac\ub78c \uc778\uad6c \ud3ed\ubc1c \uc7a0\uc7ac\ub825\uc744 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud55c \ucc44, \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ub611 \uac19\uc740 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c r \uc774 \uc9c0\ub09c \uc218 \ucc9c\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc720\uc9c0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc544\uc8fc \uc58c\uc804\ud788 \ubbf8\ub048\ud55c \uace1\uc120\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\uba74\uc11c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\uace0 \ubbff\uc73c\uba74 \uc815\ub9d0 \ud070\uc77c\uc774\uc9c0\uc694. r\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\uacfc \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 10%\ub9cc \ubcc0\ud574\ub3c4 1\ucc9c\ub144\ub9cc\uc5d0 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 1\ub9cc \uba85\uc5d0\uc11c 1\uc5b5 \uba85\uc73c\ub85c, 10\ub9cc \uba85\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 10\uc5b5\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ub825\uc744 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0 \ub9d0\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc778\ub958 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c r\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc870\uae08\uc529 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc790\uc5f0 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ub108\ubb34 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud654\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc11c \ubc14\ub77c\ubcf8 \uacb0\uacfc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ud574\uc11d\uc5d0\ub294 \uc870\uc2ec\ud574\uc57c\uaca0\uace0, \ub18d\uc5c5 \ud601\uba85\ucc98\ub7fc r \uc774 \uc870\uae08\ub9cc \ubc14\ub00c\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uc601\ud654 \uc544\uc6c3\ube0c\ub808\uc774\ud06c\ucc98\ub7fc \uba87 \ubc31\ub144\ub9cc\uc5d0 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 1\ucc9c \ubc30 1\ub9cc \ubc30 \ub298\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc560\uc368 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc548\ub418\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc55e\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uae08 \uc911\uad6d \uc778\uad6c \ubcc0\ucc9c\uc744 \ud1a0\ub300\ub85c \uace0\uc870\uc120\uc758 \uc218\uc6a9\ub2a5\ub825(carrying capacity), \ucd9c\uc0dd\ub960\uacfc \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc744 \uad00\ub828 \uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \ud1a0\ub300\ub85c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ub354 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uace0\uc870\uc120 \uc778\uad6c\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud558\ub294\ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \uacb0\ub860\uc778 \ucc98\uc74c \uac00\uc124 \uac80\uc815\uc740 \uc774 \uae00\uc744 \uc77d\uc740 \ubd84\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e1\uae41\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/h3>\n

1. \uc774\ubbfc\uc218\/\uacc4\uc5f0\uc218. 1986. \ud658\ub2e8\uace0\uae30. \uc11c\uc6b8. \ud55c\ubfcc\ub9ac.<\/p>\n

2. Krebs CJ. 1985. Ecology – The Experimental Analysis of Distribution and Abundance. 3rd Ed. Harper & Row. New York. 800 p.<\/p>\n

3. http:\/\/www.undp.org\/popin\/popdiv\/news62\/prospect.htm<\/p>\n

4. Hagen, Joel B. 1992. An Entangled Bank: The origins of Ecosystem Ecology. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.<\/p>\n

5. Steele, J. H. 1998. Regime shifts in marine ecosystems. Ecol. Applic. 8(1) (Supplement):S33-S36.<\/p>\n

6. Glendinning, Chellis, My Name Is Chellis & I’m in Recovery from Western Civilization, Shambala, 1994<\/p>\n

7. http:\/\/www.srs.dl.ac.uk\/SPEAKERS\/KAPITZA\/Section7.html<\/p>\n

8. http:\/\/sqz157.ust.hk\/notes\/Demgwk01.txt<\/p>\n

9. http:\/\/celeste.acns.carleton.edu\/curricular\/GEOL\/DaveSTELLA\/<\/p>\n

Population\/pop_modeling.htm<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

**: \uc774 \uae00\uc758 \uc800\uc791\uad8c\uc740 \uc815\uc11d\uadfc\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\uc73c\uba70 \uc815\uc11d\uadfc\uc5d0\uac8c \uc800\uc791\uad8c \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub098 \ub2e8\uccb4\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud55c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0ac\ub78c\uacfc \ub2e8\uccb4\uac00 \ubb34\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf5\uc0ac, \ubcc0\ud615, \ubc30\ud3ec, \ucd9c\ud310\ud560 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

***: \uc774 \uae00\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc758 \ube44\ud3c9\uacfc \ub3c4\uc6c0\ub9d0\uc744 \ud1a0\ub300\ub85c \uacc4\uc18d \uc218\uc815 \ubcf4\ucda9\ud574\ub098\uac08 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

****: \uadf8\ub9bc\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc804\uccb4 \ubb38\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc0ac\uc774\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/jung-pc.cbl.umces.edu\/siberia\/<\/p>\n

Copyleft 2000 \uc815\uc11d\uadfc<\/p>\n

internet: jung@cbl.umces.edu http:\/\/cbl.umces.edu\/~jung<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Original Source site:<\/p>\n

http:\/\/bluecabin.com.ne.kr\/investigation\/population_statistics.htm<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 \uc2e4\ub9b0 \uae00\uc740\u00a0 copyright\uac00 \ub41c \ucc45, \uae30\uc0ac\ub97c ‘\ubc1c\ucdcc, \uc804\uc7ac’\ub97c \ud55c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ub450 \ud55c \uac1c\uc778\uc774 manual typing\uc744 \ud55c \uac83\uc774\uace0, \uc758\ub3c4\ub294 \uc808\ub300\ub85c \uc800\uc791\uad8c \uce68\ud574\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc, fair use\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0\uc744 100% \uc0b4\ub9b0 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc758\ub3c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c ‘\uc2dc\uac04\uc801\uc778 \uc81c\ud55c, \ub3c5\uc790\uce35\uc758 \uc81c\ud55c’\uc744 \uc5fc\ub450\uc5d0 \ub450\uc5c8\uace0, \ubaa9\uc801\uc740 \ub2e8 \ud55c \uac00\uc9c0 \uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989 \ubaa9\uc801\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc18c\uc218 group (church study group, bible group, book club) \uc5d0\uac8c share\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. password protected\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub294\ub370, \ub9cc\uc77c \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc2e4\ud328\ub97c \ud558\uba74 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc2dc\uac04 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc2dc\uc815\uc744 \ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  14\uc138 \ub2e8\uad70(B.C 1666)\ub54c \uc778\uad6c\uac00 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85 2000 \ub144 5 \uc6d4 30 \uc77c \uc815\uc11d\uadfc     1. \ud55c\ub2e8\uace0\uae30\uc640 \uc544\uc6c3\ube0c\ub808\uc774\ud06c \ud55c\ub2e8\uace0\uae30\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 14\uc138 \ub2e8\uad70 \uace0\ubd88 \ub54c(B.C 1666) \uc778\uad6c\uc870\uc0ac\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uc9c0\uc694 (1). \uc9c0\uae08 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uadf8 \ub54c \ub2f9\uc2dc\ub97c \uac00\ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud55c \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc778\uad6c\uc218\uac00 1\uc5b5 8\ucc9c\ub9cc \uba85\uc774\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \uc54c \uc218\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uc124\ub839 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uadf8 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1733,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4421","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4421"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12501,"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4421\/revisions\/12501"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serony.com\/ken\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}